Typewriting machine



July 11, 1939.

C. CHISHOLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed NOV. lO, 1936 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Nov. 10, 1936 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS July 1l`, 1939. c. cl-nsHoLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Nov. l0, 1936 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR fam ATTORNEYS` EN NAN. o

July 1l, 1939. c, cHlsHoLM TYPEWRITING MAQHINE Filed Nov. l0, 1936 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

- ATTORNEYS,

9 .Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. /d @AKM C. CHISHOLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Nov. 10, 1936 July 11, 1939.

July 141, 1939.

c. cHlsHoLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Nov. 1o, 195e 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 m. FE

July'll, 1939. CH|SH0LM 2,165,224

' TYPEWRTING MACHINE Filed Nov. 10, 1936 i 9 Sheets-Sheetfr g F1411- July 1l, 1939. c, cHlsHoLM TYPEWRITING MACHINE Fild Nov. 1o, 193e 9 sheets-sheet e 1NVENTOR.

ATTORNEY`S- 0I' BY @auf July l1, 1939. C. CHlsHOLM 2,165,224

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Nov. l0, 1936 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENT OR.

@Q21 im BY @mi @am QW ATTORNEYS 55 Fig. l; Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the machine lapplication, heretofore referred to. Briefiy, the 55 Patented July 1i, 193e 2,165,224

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2,165,224 'rrrEWnrriNG Macnmn Clifton Chisholm, Cleveland Heights, @lilo Application November 10, 1936, Serial No. 110,085

5 Claims. (Cl. 197-18) This invention relates to a printing or typeillustrated in Fig. 1; Figs. 7 and 8 are transverse Writing machine of the keyboard type for the Sectional views on an enlarged scale, the plane of production of copy for subsequent reproduction the sections being indicated by the lines4 'l-l in quantities. The present invention is a conand 8 8 on Fig. 1; Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sec- .5 tinuation in part of my copending application tional view, as indicated by the line 9--9 on Fig. 5 for Letters Patent, filed February 5, 1936, and 1; Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, but illustratassigned Serial No. 62,467. It is the general obing certain of the parts in a different position; ject of the .present invention to provide an im- Fig. 11 is a fragmentary horizontal section, thel proved keyboard operated typing mechanism for plane of the section being indicated by the line l a printing machine to enable the operator to II-II on Fig. 9; Fig. 12 is a detail section as inl0 produce a clear, distinct and justified copy, which dicated by the line I2-I2 on Fig. 9; Fig. 13 is a may be utilized in a reproducing process other vertical section taken in the plane of the lines than letter-press printing, for producing copies I3--I3 on Fig. 1; Fig. 14 isa sectional detail as in simulation of letter-press printing. Such reindicated by the line I'-I4 of Fig. 13; Fig. 15 is l production, for instance, may be accomplished a sectional detail, the plane o-f the section being l5 planographically, hectographically or by stencil, indicated by the line I5-I5 on Fig. 13; Fig. 16 but is preferably accomplished by photographic is a side elevation of a type wheel removed from transfer to a printing plate which is used in an the machine; Fig. 17 is a section as indicated by offset planographic printing machine. the line I'l-Il on Fig. 16; Fig. 18 is a fragmen- 20 A further object of the present invention is tary face elevation of a type Wheel. 20`

the provision of a typewriter utilizing characters Referring now to the drawings, and especially of dilerent widths, similar to printers type. to Figs. l and 2, it will be seen that my improved Another object of this invention is the protypewriting machine comprises a frame IU, supvision of an improved key-operating mechanism ported by suitable legs or standards II and carfor use with type of varying widths, which mechrying a platen I2, across which a work sheet or 25 anism is arranged and adapted to control, not web may be fed by asuitable paper feeding mechonly the selection of the speciiic type to be imanism. Above the platen I2 are mounted a series pressed, but also to control the advance of a of type wheels I4, each wheel carrying on its paper carriage in such a manner as to cause the periphery an entire font of type. One wheelmay distance of such advance to be equal to that carry, for instance, an eight-point type, and an- 30 required for the selected character. other wheel a ten-point type, etc. The type A further object of the present invention is to Wheels are arranged to be selectively positioned to provide a printing machine of the keyboard type enable the printing from a selected font of type, with an improved operating mechanism, which as explained in detail in my copending applicawill be operated by suitable power mechanism tion, heretofore referred to. 35

and will be so arranged as to minimize the work The type wheel which is in position immedidone by the keys themselves, thereby increasing ately above the platen is rotated under control the speed and accuracy of the mechanism. of a key board I5, to bring the desired character Other objects of the invention will become more or type of its font into printing position. The

apparent from the following description, referkey board I5 also controls a mechanism which, 40 ence being had to the accompanying drawings, when a type Wheel has been brought to. rest with in which I illustrate a preferred embodiment' of the selected character in printing position, causes the invention. The essential characteristics of a the wheel to move bodily, bringing the selected the invention will be summarized in the claims. type thereon into printing contact with the work.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a plan View of a ma-v After the character has been impressed on the 45 chine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a side work, the latter is advanced a distance which is elevation looking at the left-hand side of Fig. 1;v determined by the width of the character im- Fig. 3 is a side elevation looking at the machine pressed. The total advance of thework, as well from the right-hand side of Fig. 1, certain parts as the total number of `spaces between the words being broken away to more clearly illustrate the of a set line, control thepositioning'of a justify- 50 mechanism; Fig. 4 is a .detail illustrating cering scale carried by a drum 20E mounted on the tain of the parts shown in Fig. 3, in different poframe. This justifyingk scale, itsoperating mechsitions; Fig. 5 is a sectional detail, the plane of anism, together With the methodk of using the the section being indicated by the lines 5 5 on same, forms the subject matter of my copending mechanism is such that when the operator types a line using a standard space bar 200, this mechanism actuates the chart to cause it to inform the operator which one or ones of a series of justifying space keys Za should be used, in retyping the line, to produce a justified line. For a more complete descrip-tion of this mechanism, reference may be had to my copending application, Serial No. 62,467. v

The platen |2 and paper feed mechanism are best illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 7, 8, 13 and 14. As there shown', the paper feed mechanism and the platen are mounted in a rectangular frame 2|, which is provided with guiding rollers 22, arranged to coact with longitudinally extending horizontal guideways 23, supported by a pair of brackets 24 and 44, secured to the main frame I at the left-hand side thereof.

As illustrated, the platen comprises a longitudinally extending bar, which is mounted in vertical guideways or slots 25, so that it may be adjusted up and down to regulate the printing pressure and to facilitate the positioning of the .paper or work W in the feeding mechanism. The

platen is provided with a rubberor similar platen surface 26, which is `secured'to the platen n l2 in the usual manner. y

The vertical adjustment of the platen is accomplished by the rotation of a shaft 21, which carries at itsopposite end cams 28, arranged to coact with adjusting screws 29 carried by the platen, as shown in Fig. 13. Suitable springs 29, interposed between the platen and the frame 2|, maintain the platen in engagement with the cams 28. The adjusting screws serve to regulate the printing pressure, whereas the cams serve to move the platen a considerable distance away from the type wheels |4, which are located thereabove, to permit the initial feeding of a worksheet W to the paper-feeding mechanism.

The paper-feeding mechanism comprises a pair ofrolls 32 and. 33, mounted on respective shafts 34 and 35, which are journalled in the n platen frame. The roll 35 is provided with a pluy rality of radially `extending projections 36, arranged to engage suitable perforations formed in the edgesof the worksheet W, so as to accurately position the paper relative `to the platen and previously typed lines. As shown in Fig. 8, the work-L sheet passesgar'oun'd the roll 33 and is maintained in engagement with the projections 36 thereof by guides 31.1 v' i The 'worksheetpasses from the rolll 33 across `thel..platenv |2;` to the roller` 3'2 `with which it is heldjvinf-` contact by rollers 38.

c i u Suitablesprings 43, Ywhich acton" r'oll supporting leversl 42, serve ,to maintain the roller's38 in engagement with the work W, asvshown in Fig. 8.

'I'he platen bar 25 lies above the top surface of the paper feed rolls 32 and 33, and is of sufcient width to accommodate but one letter. The worksheet W therefore passes upwardly from the roll 33 to theplaten and downwardly to the roll 32. Hence, I may place the circumferential rows of printing lcharacters relatively close together without danger of smudging the worksheet.

The mechanism is arranged to type lines of printing` charactersin a direction, parallel with the platen, that is, from the front to the rear of the machine. The platen carriage, together with the paper feed mechanism, just described, is therefore movable lengthwise of the platen in its guideways l 23, and is advanced for character feeding in @the direction of the arrow of Fig. 1. As shown in Figs. 1, 18 and 13, the paper feed vv'1 and 16 to 1'1.

carriage 2| is provided with a-,rack 45.y This rack is engaged by a pinion A4|, mounted on themain `right (Fig. 13), for letter or character feeding `ofthe paper.

The return of the carriage is accomplished, aswill be hereinafter more fullyI described, by reversing the direction of rotation of the pinion 48.

The Worksheet is advanced to feed it from one printing line to another by-a manual operation, which rotates the paperfeed rolls 32 and 33, (Fig. 8) in a counter-clockwise direction a distance equivalent yto the desired spacing of lines. Asl shown in Figs. 13 and 14, the feed roll shaft 35 extends -the full Vlength of the frame 'bracket 24, whichA supports the platen carriage guideway 23, and is providedwith a key-way 41, which, together with a key carried by the roll 33, provides in effect a splined driving connection between the shaft 35 and the roll 33.

The roll 32 is driven from the roll 33. Secured to the roll 33 is a pinion 48, which meshes with an idler pinion 49, carried by the carriage 2|, and which, in turn, engages` a pinion 58, secured to the roll 32.

The shaft 35 is rotated to advance the work W manually by the operator. For this purpose,

the amount of movement imparted to the ratch# et. As illustrated in Figs. 6 and 13,1 journal a cam disc 58 on the pivot shaft 52.' This cam disc is provided with a recess portion 59, and a high or cani portion 60, which latter portion is arranged to engage a pinl, carried by the pawl 53 and raise the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet. This, therefore, adjusts the effective stroke of the pawl. The actual stroke of the pawl 53 is limited by a pairof pins 62, which are carried by the bracket 44 and project into the path of thelever as indicated on Fig. 6. The cam 58 is retained in any selected position by a spring-pressed ball 63, (Fig. 13) which is mountseries of recesses in the camv disc.

The type wheels are best shown in Figs.v 2, 6, In the present embodiment of the'invention I have illustrated three type wheels |4, each of' which is mounted on 'ashaftg'll'L which 'is carried by a bracket 1|. This bracket is swingably mounted on a shaft |06, which is-jou-rnalled in the main frame |0. Each type wheel carries on its periphery ltwo annular sets of type. The type in the left-hand band or ring of type shown in Fig. 7 may comprise upper case type, whereas the right-hand band of the same wheel includesA the lower case type.

In Fig. '7 I have shown three type wheels. The yleft-hand type wheel I4 may carry, for instance, eight-point type, ,the middle type wheel, ten- 'point type, vand the right-hand type wheel b,

CTI

2,165,224 to the right, (Fig. 7) engages a similar recess in a gear 16,' which is mounted on the shaft 10. Thus, when the gear is rotated the type wheels are rotated in unison therewith. The amount of such rotation is controlled by the keyboard, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

The type wheels may be made of metal, preferably a light metal such as an aluminum alloy, or of Bakelite, hard rubber or some other similar non-metallic composition. As indicated in Fig. 1'7, each type wheel comprises a body section 80, provided with a suitable hub bushing 8|. The periphery of the type wheel is provided with a series of key slots 82, arranged to receive type T having enlarged feet tl and heads t2 joined together by a web t3. The slots 82 are arranged to embrace the heads and web of the type. The heads of the type project outwardly from the periphery of the type wheel, as shown in Fig. 16. 'I'he type wheel illustrated in the drawings is provided with two series of type retaining slots 82, each of which extend from opposite faces of the Wheel toward the center, where they are4 separated by an annular ring 83, preferably formed integral with the body of the Wheel.

The type T are retained against radial movement by their enlarged feet tl and are inserted in the wheel by sliding them axially relative to the wheel. The type are restrained against axial movement by retaining plates B, which are secured to opposite faces of the type wheel by suitable screws 85.

Ink is supplied to the type wheels by a suitable inking mechanismv 86, which is mounted on the type wheel bracket 1|. A detailed description of this mechanism is given in my copending application, heretofore mentioned. Suffice it here to say that the mechanism is arranged to maintain the type wheels supplied with the desired supply of ink.

It will be noted from Fig. 7 that the type wheels may be readily removed Without disturbing their driving gear 1B, or a type wheel registering gear I0|, hereinafter to be more fully described. To this end the gears 16 and |0| are mounted on a sleeve |02, carried by the frame bracket 1|, and this sleeve, in turn, rotatively supports the shaft 10. Hence, the shaft 10 may be withdrawn Without disturbing the gears. The shaft 10 is normally held in operative position by a set screw, indicated at |03, (Figs. 6 and 7 as carried by the left-hand frame member' of the bracket 1| and arranged to engage an annular recess |04 in the shaft 10, thereby preventing its axial movement.

The type wheels I4 are normally rotating and are brought to a stop with a selected character in the printing position by the operation of the key board, as Will be hereinafter more fully described. As illustrated in Fig. 13, the type wheel driving gear 16 meshes witha gear |05, which lhas a splined driving connection'with the shaft |06, on whichlthe bracket 1| is pivotally mounted. A driving belt |08, (Fig. 3)n connects a motordriven pulley |09, with a pulley |01, which is` lrotatively mounted on the vright-hand end of the f ,shaft los, as iuusnratea in Fig. a.

IThe pulley |01,is vdrivinglyI connected, by a suitable clllltclli,v formation 81, with one'member ||0 of a yf rictional driving clutch Ill, the other f memberfl l2 of,whch is' pinnedy to the shaft |06,

as indicated at H31 yBack lash offthe shaft |00' lisl prevented by aroller clutch, one member lll of which is secured to' thesh'aft |06 by a pin l| l5, and the otherfrnembev IB of which is-'held stationary by a pin 1, carried by a frame bracket H8. This clutch is of the usual type and hence is not described in detail. Suliice'it to say that it is of the type wherein, as long as the shaft rotates in one direction, clutch rollers ||9 are free to move about the axis of the shaft, but Whenever the shaft tends to rotate in the other direction, these rollers lock the two clutch members together, thereby locking the shaft against rotation.

As heretofore mentioned,. the type wheel, which is above the platen l2, is brought to rest with a selected type in printing position, that is, immediately above the platen bar or at the lowermost point on the type wheels, so that conse'- quent upon the rocking of the type wheel bracket 1I about the shaft |00, the lowermost type will leave an impression on the work sheet W, which lies across the platen as illustrated in Fig. 8.

The stopping of the rotation of the type wheels is under direct control of keyboard l5. This keyboard and the control mechanism associated therewith is best illustrated in Figs. l, 2, 3, 6, 7, and 9 to 11, inclusive. Referring specifically to Fig. l, the keyboard l5 includes a series of character keys |20 which, for illustrative purposes, are outlined on Fig. 1 with a pair of adjacent circles; a standard space bar 200; a series of special space keys 200a., a. shift key 300, a tabulator and a carriage return lever 250. The special space keys 206 are outlined with a heavy black circle, to distinguish them from the character keys and are used in place of the standard space'bar for justifying the line on retyping of the same, as fully explained in my copending application, heretofore referred to.

The operation of the character keys and the manner in which they control the stopping of the type wheels, will now be described. Each character key |20 is, as shown in Fig. 9, supported by an upstanding arm of a lever |2| of a compound key lever. The levers |2| of all key levers are pivoted to a common shaft |22, mounted in suitable frame brackets |23. The normal position of the key levers |2| is shown by the lever |2| in Fig. 9. Here it will be noted that the key lever |2| is provided with a notch |21, which provides a seat for a pin |28, carried by a lever |29 which forms the other member of the compound key lever. 'Ihe key levers |29 are pivotally mounted on a common shaft |30 carried in frame brackets |3|. The pins |28 are normally maintained in respective notches |21 responding lever member |29, a spring |35-rocks the lever about its pivot from the position illus. trated in Fig. 9 to the position shown in Fig.- v10. A suitable stop bar |33,carried4 byacover |33, which l-is secured to the lframe I0, limits the movement of thelevers |29. r

LThe-`rnovementfof anyone of the 'leversKI29" -fromthe positionrshown in Fig. 9 to theposition Ashown inFigj'lO stopsthe "type wheelwithgthe y'character corresponding to.v the character represented' by such Ike'yvleven in u printing position. l

lThis movement vof the key lever |29 also releases for action a mechanism which causes the type Wheels to be rocked about their pivot shaft |06, to cause the selected character to be impressed upon the Work W. l Likewise, this movement also causes the platenv and vpaper carriage to be advanced` a distance .equivalent to that required by the selected -character,. immediately pecially Figs. l, 9 and 10, the shaft |06, which drives the type wheels, is provided with a series of discs 9| which are drivingly secured thereto by a key 92. vThere is one disc for each key lever mechanism |2|, |29, such disc lying in the same vertical plane as the key lever member |29. Each disc 9| is provided with a shoulder 93, and it Will be noted from Figs; 8 and 9 that these shoulders 93 hold a different angular position relative to' the axis ofthe shaft |06, such positions being equal to the angular positions of the type about the periphery of the type' wheels. Each shoulder 93 is arranged to be engaged by an abutment 94 of its respective stop lever 90. The latter levers are pivoted as at 95 to a bell crank 96, which is, in turn, pivoted to the frame bracket |3|, as at 91. A

The stops 90 are normally held out of the path of the shoulders of their respective discs 9| by the key lever members |29 heretofore described. When, however, a key |20 is depressed, the corresponding lever |29 is rocked in clockwise direction by its respective spring |35, and causes Ia spring 98, interconnecting such lever and its respective stop 90, to raise the stop into the path of the shoulder of its respective disc 9|. Hence, the rotation of the shaft |06 will be stopped when the shoulder 94 of such disc en-` gages the abutment of the corresponding stop member 94. The friction clutch' heretofore described, permits the stopping of the shaft |06 without interference with the operation of the power mechanism or damage to the parts. This stopping' of rotation of the shaft |06 stops the type wheel with the selected character in printing position, which character is represented by the key |20 which was depressed.

The depression of the key |20 also releases a mechanism which causes the printing action. As shown in Figs. 9 and l0 it will be notedthat when a disc 9|' engages a stop lever 90, itl rocks the -bell crank 96 about its pivot 91, against the action of a compression spring 99 interposed between the bellcrank and a stationary frame member 64. The movement of this bell-crank rocks a lever 65 (Fig. 3) about its pivot 66, withdrawing-the lefthand end of said lever (Fig. 3) from the path of a latch 61, which is pivoted as at 68 to a clutch member 69. This clutch member is drivingly secured to a gear 12 and both the member and the gear are rotatively mounted on a shaft 18, journalled in suitable bearings 13 in upstanding frame bracket members 11.

The withdrawal of the latch 61 permits a spring 19 to draw the latch into engagement with an abutment |43 formed on a collar |44, which is pinned to the shaft 18, thereby drivingly connecting the shaft with thegear 12.., meshes ywith a gear |45, which is drivingly connected to the driving pulley |01. This clutch is o the usual single revolution type, and when This geary the shaft has made one complete revolution, the latch 61 will be cammed out of engagement with the collar |44, by the lever 65, which, at that time, will have been returned to its normal position.

The shaft 18, during the rst-half of its revolution, acts to rock the type Wheels to cause an impression to be made upon the Work sheet W. As shown in: Fig. 7, an eccentric. bushing |46 is secured to the left-hand end of the shaft 18, and through a connecting rod |41, which is interconnected between the eccentric and a pin |48 integrally carried by the type wheel carriage 1|, causes the carriage to be rocked about its pivot shaft |06, thus causing an impression to be made. The rocking of the carriage 1| `to make an impression accurately positions the type which has been moved substantially to the printing -position by the key lever mechanism. As illustrated in Figs. 7 and 13, an-indexinggear |0| is mounted on the sleeve |02 and, as heretofore explained, is arranged to rotate as a unit with the type wheels. As the carriage is swung downwardly about its pivot, this gear vengages a precisioning dog 88 carried by a stationary frame bracket89. This engagement takes place before the type strikes the work and is effective to accurately index the type wheels. The movement of the type Wheels, due to this precisioning mechanism, is

comparatively little, and is entirely compensated for by back lash in the gearing and other mechanism,.hence may be accomplished without damage.

During the last half of the movement or rotation of the shaft 18, the type Wheel is retracted from the Work, the paper carriage and `platen are advanced into position for the impression of the next character, andthe key lever mechanism |2|, |29, 90 and 96 is reset to prepare the keyboard forV the impression of the next key by the operator. The resetting of the lever mechanism/is accomplished by an enlarged eccentric portion |50 of the shaft 18, which overlies vthe key levers |29. Consequent upon the rotation of this eccentric portion of the shaft, the :levers |29 are rocked counter-clockwise `about their pivots |30, causbell crank 96, as wellas the lever 65 (Fig. 3),

thereby causing the rotation of the shaft to cease,l following the completion of one revolution, as

heretofore mentioned.

While the levers |29 are being returned tothe position shown in Fig. '7, by the eccentric portion of the shaft 18, the key lever |2| islikewise returned. As shown inFig. 10, each key lever |2| is provided with a spring |32, which is interconnected between its `respective key lever member |2| and a stationary .frame member.

When a key lever |2| is depressed, its associated Alever |29 ismoved to the position shown in Fig.

l0, as heretofore described, whereupon the pin |28 maintains the lever |2| depressed by engagement with a surface |24 of s'uch lever. When, however, the key lever |29 is reset or returned to the position shown in Fig. '1, the spring |32 returns the lever |2|, bringingthe recess or notch |21 into engagement with the pin |28 and latching the key levers |2| and |29 together.

The depression of a key through its control of the shaft `18 also controlsthe advance'ofthe paper feed and platen carriage. As heretofore explained, the operationof the key serves to cause the shaft 18 to make one complete revolution. During the second half of this revolution, the paper carriage is advanced a distance which is determined by the Width of the type, the imprint of which was caused by the operation of the selected key.

When a key is depressed, it unlatches acomb |52 supported by a yoke |53, which is pivotally mounted on va rock shaft |54, permitting this comb to rock about its shaft under the influence of gravity or a suitable spring (not shown). The rocking movement of the comb is limited by a plunger |55 which is actuated by the key lever depressed.

'Ihe comb-latching mechanism -is best shown in Figs. 9 and 10, and comprises a latch |56 pivoted as at |51 to a block |58 carried by the frame |0. The nose of this latch is normally maintained in engagement with a lip |59, carried by the comb yokev |53, by a suitable spring |60. When a key is depressed, its key lever |2| strikes a rod 6| carried by the latch |56, permitting the latch to rock about its pivot and cause the comb to drop into contact with a plunger |55.

There is a plunger |55 for each key lever |2|, and these plungers are slidably mounted in a block |62 and normally maintainedout of the path of the comb by respective springs |63. Before a key lever 2| rocks nthe latch to release the comb, a projection |64 on suchl key lever cams its respective plunger, against the action of itsv spring |63, into the path of the comb.`

The comb |52 is provided with a series of steps |65 of varying height. The arrangement of these steps is such that various plungers permit the comb to rock various angular distances, the distance depending upon which key is struck. The rocking movement of the yoke |53 is transmitted to a bell crank |66 by a`pin |61 (Fig. 11).

. This bell crank |66 is pivoted to the shaft |54 and hence the angular movement of the yoke |53' carries at its upper end, as shown in Fig. 13, a pawl |68, normally'spring-pressed into engage,- ment with a ratchet wheel 69. This ratchet wheel is drivingly mounted on the shaft |54, and

draws the pawl idly in a clockwise direction (Fig. 13) a distance determined by the height of the step |65 in the comb, which engaged the plunger |55 actuated by the key depressed. The movement of the ratchet, during this movement of the pawl, is prevented by a spring-pressed detent pawl |39 carried by a frame bracket ||9.

This arrangement locks the comb against possible rebound actions which might affect the feeding of the worksheet W. The blocks |55 limit the downward movement of the comb, and as it takes a materially stronger force to move the ratchet |69, the ratchet and pawl |68 prevent rebounding, or movement of the comb in an upward direction. Reference is made to my copending application Serial No. 154,790, filed July 21, 1937, for claims on this feature.

Due to the force required to actuate the ratchet wheel |69, I utilize a power-operated mechanism for this purpose. During the last half of the rotation of the shaft 18, an eccentric crank |10, rigidly secured to the shaft 1-8, causes a connecting arm |1| to advance the ratchet an angular distance equivalent to the distance of movement of the pawl |66 just described. The connection between the crank arm and the bell crank |66 is the usual pin and slot arrangement, as shown in Fig. 13 at |12. The rotary movement of the ratchet |69 is imparted through a series of change speed gears |13 to the carriage progressing gear 46, heretofore mentioned, thus causing the ad- Vance of the paper carriage.

The comb is returned to its normal position by the connecting rod |11, permitting the spring |60 to cause the latch |56 to reengage the yoke |53. The rod |6l, which is carried by the latch then postively returns the key levers 2| to their normal positions.

When the end of the typed line is reached, the operator returns the paper carriage to the position shown in Fig. 1, by swinging a lever 250 counter-clockwise. This lever is secured to a shaft |15, carried by a frame bracket |16. The lower end of this shaft is provided with a lever |11 which engages a lever I 18 pivoted to the frame I0 at |19. 'Ihis lever is connected by a link |80 with an arm |8| of a bell crank, which is pivoted to the frame |0 at |82 and the other arm |83 of which is connected to the detent pawl |39 bya link |84.

Thus, the ratchet wheel is released consequent upon counter-clockwise movement of the lever 250.

Counter-clockwise movement of the lever 250 also connects the motor M with the ratchet. wheel to operate the same in a reverse direction to return the paper carriage. The lever |18 is provided, as shown in Fig. 3, with a yoke |85 which is provided with pins |86 arranged to engage an annular groove in a clutch |90. Counter-clockwise movement of the lever 250 causes the clutch to be slid axially on its supporting shaft |9|, bringing a clutch disc |92 into frictional driving Vengagement with a driving disc |93, which is This shaft carries a case letterA M, is divided into eighteen equal parts andusing one of these parts as a unit of measurement, the width of all of the remaining characters of the font is determined. For instance, the cap M is preferably three times as wideas either the lower case letters j or f and twice as wide as the lower case letters a", o, g or x. Hence, if the upper case letter Mf is divided into eighteen units, the lower case letters j and s each comprise six units, while the lower case a, o, g and x" will be nine units wide. Other letters will vary accordingly in width. The smallest letters, such as a period, will be i'lve units wide.

The' arrangement is such that the paper carriage is advanced the number of units equivalent to the set size of the letter last impressed on the Work. For instance, if the letter W or a full length dash is impressed, it will be noted from Fig.A 12 that a key lever |2|,wi1l cause a plunger |55 tp contact with a step |65 of the comb |52 andY depress the comb a distance sumcient to""cause the ratchet Wheel |69 to advance the paper carriage a distance equivalent to eighteen units. Thus, by varying the height of the steps |65 with which the plungers |55 coact, the paper carriage may be f ed a distance required by the last' character printed, such character, of course, being determined by the key depressed;

' As heretofore mentioned, each type Wheel I4 rocks a lever 2| I, which is secured carries on its periphery two sets of type, T and t, the type t being arranged in one annular line or row and the type T being arranged in another annular row closely adjacent thereto. The keyboard, it will be noted from Fig. 1, is marked with upper case characters only. However, thesemay represent, for practical purposes, either upper or lower case. In the embodiment illustrated, I position the upper case row of characters at the right-hand side of the type wheel (Fig. 7) and the lower case characters on the left-hand side of the type wheels'.

When the type wheel carriage 1I is moved to position a different row of type relative to the platen, as will be hereinafter more fully described, the precision stop 88 is also moved in the same .direction by a pin 20| carried by the stop, which is in constant engagement with a yoke 202 carried by the carriage. This insure's the proper positioning of each type regardless of which row of type is in the operating position. The arrangement of the stop 88 and its index wheel IOI is such that the type wheels are always stopped with the rearmost edge of each type on a line passing through the axis of the vtype wheels and through the point of tangency between the type Wheels and the platen. Thus, I am enabled to advance the platen and paper feeding mechanism after each impression takes place.

A shift key 300, conveniently located on the keyboard, as illustrated in Fig. 1, is used to shift the type wheels, together with their inking mechanism to the left (Fig. '7)moving the left-hand row of type out of registration with the platenl I2 and the next row of type into registration therewith. As shown in Fig. 6, the shift key 300 is mounted on a plunger 203, which is normally maintained in an uppermost position, by a suitable spring not shown. Consequent upon the depressicn'of the key 300 a contactor 204 strikesa switch 205, causing the energization` of a solenoid 206, which is connected with the switch by a conductor 201. The energization of the solenoid causes the core 208 thereof to rock a lever 209 (Figs. 1 and 6) in a clockwise direction. This lever, through the medium of a link 2|0, to a shaft 2|2, rotative'ly mounted in the frame.A The movement of the lever 2I| is transmitted to the frame 1| which supports the type wheels and their inking mechanism, by a link 2I3, which is pivotally czzoinected to the lever 2I| by an adjustable link When the type wheels are moved to position the upper case characters in the printing position, the comb |55 is also moved from the full line position to the dotted line position, as indicated in Fig. 12, the reason for this being that the upper case characters are of a different width than the corresponding lower case characters. By moving the comb |55, I am able to provide a second series of steps thereon, which will be moved into position to coact with the respective character keys when the shift key is moved.

This, of course, eliminates the necessity of providing both upper and lower case characters on the keyboard.v

` The comb |55 is moved from the full line to the dotted`1ine position, by the shaft 2|2, herev tofore mentioned, in connection with the type Wheel shift mechanism. Rigidly secured to the shaft 2,|2 is a shifter fork 2|5, arranged to engage the yoke |53 which supports the comb and moveA it toward the right, Fig. l1, against the action of a compression spring 2I5, which othermanually adjustable link 2I4, heretofore mentioned. As shown, this link interconnects the lever 2II with the link 2I3, to cause the type wheels to be moved to position the type wheels` for either upper or lower case characters.

As shown in Fig. 1, the adjustable link is pivotally connected to the link 2I3, by a permanent pivot 220, and is provided with three openings 22 I, arranged to receive a pin or plunger 222, which may be adjustably positioned in any one of the openings by the operator, to secure the link 2 I4 to the lever 2|I in any of three positions, each of which is arranged vto shift its respective type wheel into operative relationship relative to the platen.

When the yshift is made from one type wheel to another, it follows that the paper Vfeed carriage must be advanced a different distance for the twelve-point type than it was for an eight-point type. However, I find it desirable to make the ratio of the widths of the various characters relative to each other thefsame in every font, regardless of point size, and I arrange my mechanism so that the same comb will control the advance of the paper carriage. This is accomplished through the medium of the change speed gearing |93, heretofore mentioned.

The change speed gearing is best shown in Figs. 11, l2 and l5, and comprises a series of gears 230, which are keyed, as a unit, to the ratchet shaft |54, and which mesh respectively with individually rotatable gears 23|, journalled on a shaft 232, carried by a frame bracket 233. Each of these gears has, as shown in Fig. 15, a keyway 234, arranged to receive'a pin `235, which is carried by the shaft 232, consequent upon axial movement of the shaft, thereby drivingly connecting any one of the pairs of gears with such shaft. A spring-pressed ball 236 carried by the frame bracket 233 is arranged to enter annular recesses 231 in the shaft to maintain the pin 235 in an adjusted position. The shaft 232 is drivingly connected to the gear 46, by a gear 238, which is splined tothe shaft 232 in any suitable manner, thus, even though the comb causes the ratchet to be advanced the carriage may nevertheless be advanced the unit of an entirely diierent width to provide for the different points of the type.

I also provide vmy typewriting mechanism with i a tabulat'or, which permits 'the paper carriage to be advanced to predeterminedv positions in a manner similar to the tabulator of the ordinary typewriter. Such advance takes place without the operation of the space or character keys and Without making any impressions on the Work sheet.

The tabulator mechanism is operated by the lever 250, heretofore described. However, in this instance, the lever is swung in a clockwise direction, causing a link 240 to swing a lever 24| (Fig. about its pivot 242, for a purpose hereinafter to be described. Mounted on the link 240 is a. pin 243 which engages a cam surface 244 on a lever 245 pivoted as at "246 to the frame I0. When the lever 240 is rocked in a clockwise direction, the

the unit of one Width,l

pin 243 rocks the lever 246 against the action of a spring 241, bringing the nose 248 of the lever into the'path of an adjustable stop 25| carried by a disc 252, which is secured to a shaft 253, carried by the frame I0.

The rocking of the lever 250 in a clockwise direction also through the clutch yoke |85 and other mechanism, heretofore described, moves the clutch |90 along its shaft |9|,lbringing a clutch disc |92a (Fig. 6)'into frictional driving engagement with the drivingA disc |93, heretofore described, thus, through the gears 254, 255 and 256, driving ratchet wheel shaft |54 in a direction to advance the paper carriage.

The advance of the paper carriage, by the tabulator mechanism, is stopped when a stop 25| engages the lever 245. The friction driving connection between the discs |92a and |93 prevents damage to the parts and eliminates the necessity of stopping the motor M. The disc 252, which carries the stops 25|, is secured to its shaft 254 and is driven by a gear 260, which is drivingly secured to the disc and is in turn driven from the shaft |54 by the gear 256, heretofore described.

As heretofore mentioned, the printing mechanism is provided with three type wheels, each wheel carrying type of a different point size. For instance, the left-hand wheel v(Figs. 6 and 7) may carry six-point type, the middle type wheel, eightpoint type, and the right-hand type wheel, twelvepoint type. In this arrangement, however, the corresponding type of each wheel are the same number of ems in width. The length of the em, however, varies for each point size of type. For instance, in six-point type an ern is .083 inch in length, in eight-point type an em is .111 inch in length, while in twelve-point type the em is .166 inch in length. 'I'he type selecting mechanism is arranged to select type from any one of the type wheels, positioned above the platen. 'I'he paper feed mechanism is controlled by a change speed gearing 230, so as to advance the paper carriage the proper distance, dependent upon the point size of type used. The tabulator likewise is arranged so that when set at a predetermined number of ems, it will advance the paper carriage such number of ems, regardless of whether the ems be six, eight or twelve-point ems.' This .is accomplished by providing the tabulator disk 252 with a plurality of openings 252a, spaced equally distant from each other, and by providing the stops 25| with suitable pins 25|a to occupy the desired opening, and thereby position the stop. The spacing of the openings 252a is such that when the gearing 230 is 'set for six-point type, the distance from one stop to a stop positioned in the next adjacent opening 252a will be equivalent to one em.

When the change speed gearing 230 is positioned for twelve-point type, the paper carriage will have to be advanced twice as far for one em as when using six-point type, as the disc 25| is geared to the ratchet shaft 254,4 and actuates the paper feed mechanism only through the gearing 230. Hence, if a stop 25| is positioned to advance the paper feed carriage twenty-live six-point ems, for instance, for six-point type, and the gearing is changed for twelve-point type, the stop is still positioned for twenty-five ems, but due to the gearing 230 the paper carriage will advance twice as far or twenty-five twelve-point ems, (the stop remaining in the same position on the tabulator disc). l

Thus, it will be seen that the operator may use the tabulator mechanism without danger of,

errors, due to the shifting of the printing mechanism from one type wheel to another-that is, from one point size of type to another point size, and the tabulator when set for a predetermined number of ems, will advance the paper carriage, such predetermined number of ems, regardless of Whether they be six-point ems, eight-point ems or twelve-point ems.

The lever 24|, heretofore mentioned, operates to release a brake which normally Aengages the shaft |54 to prevent overthrow of the ratchet wheel |69 and consequent error in the advance of the paper carriage when the latter is actuated by the key mechanism, heretofore described. As shown in Fig. 5, this brake comprises a resilient friction brake shoe 210, which encircles a ring 21| carried by the4 ratchet wheel shaft 54. 'Ihe opposite ends 212 of this shoe are normally drawn toward each other by a spring 213, bringing the shoe into frictional contact with the ring.

When the lever 256 is actuated, either to tabulate or repition the paper carriage, as heretofore described, the brake 210 is released. As

shown in Fig. 5, the lever 24|, which is connected to the lever 250 vby a link 240, is secured to its pivot shaft 2,15. This shaft is journalled in the shoe 210 and is provided with a pin 216, which, when the lever 250 is actuated, either to tabulate or return the paper carriage, cams the ends 212 of the shoe apart, thus releasing the brake. When the lever 250 is in its normal position, the pin 216 lies in recesses 211, formed in the' ends of the shoe, thus causing the brake to become l active.

I claim: 1. In a printing machine of the keyboard type, a plurality of keys each having key levers, actuating means connected to said key levers, means controlled by a manual operation of the keys to cause the first-named means to act on said key levers, a printing mechanism adapted to be selectively controlled by said key levers, a single rotation clutch, a power-actuated mechanism, means to couple said clutch with the power mechanism consequent upon the operation of a key, and means operative by said clutch tovcause the printing action to take place and to' subsequently cause the key levers to be returned to their original position.

2. In a printing machine a rotary type drum having a plurality of type around its periphery, a shaft connected to rotate said drum, power actuated means constantly acting to rotate said shaft, a friction driving connection interposed between said means and said shaft, a series of stops extending radially from said shaft, a keyboard having keys, a series ofpivoted levers movable into the path of said stops, means whereby said levers are controlled by said keys to stop the rotation of the shaft with the drum in a predetermined position, a pivotally mounted support for said levers and movable consequent upon the engagement of one of said pivoted levers with a stop to initiate the printing operation.

'3. In a printing machine of the keyboard type, a plurality of keys having pivoted key levers, springs to rock said levers about their pivots, a printing mechanism adapted to be selectively controlled by said rocking movement, a single rotation clutch, a power actuated mechanism, means to couple said clutch with the power mechanism consequent upon the operation of a key, and means common to all of said key levers and operated by said clutch to cause the key levers to be returned to their original positions.

` said key levers, a single rotation clutch, a power actuated mechanism, means to couple said clutch with the power mechanism consequent upon the operation of a key, and ya cam shaft common to al1 of said key levers operative by said clutch to restore said key levers and reengage the latches between the keys and the key levers.

5. In a printing machine, a keyboard, a movable impression member adapted to be controlled by the keyboard, said keyboard comprising a selies of keys, each key having a key lever, a series of stops, means to frictionally drive said impression member, a driving member for said impression member, said driving member having elements adapted to be engaged by corresponding stops, means whereby the manual depression i of any key causes the corresponding key lever to act ona stop and position such stop in the path of one of said elements to thereby stop the impression member in a predetermined position, and

a power operated mechanism to return said key lever and said stop to their original positions.v

CLIFTON CHISHOLM. 

